Z E N D A  M A G A Z I N E
[renamed Zinda Magazine in 1999]

Aadaar 3, 6746                   Volume III                       Issue 3            March 3, 1997

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       A Weekly Online Publication of the ZENDA Assyrian Newsagency

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                      T H I S   W E E K   I N   Z E N D A
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The Lighthouse...................... Assyrian Aid Society- Santa Clara
Good Morning Bet-Nahrain............ A New UN Humanitarian Coordinator
Surfs Up............................ "our outbursts are not balanced"
Surfers Corner...................... AANF Letter to the State Dept
News Digest......................... Iraq's Battle Against Archeo-Theft
                                            Saddam's Second Son Attacked
                                            News from Canada
Calendar of Events.................. Near Eastern Archeology: May 4 & 5
Entracte............................ Kha b'Neesan Party in San Jose
Intelligentsia...................... Classes and Seminars
Assyrian Surfing Posts.............. Why is a Circle 360 Degrees?
Pump up the Volume.................. To End & To Begin
Back to the Future.................. Nabopolassar Restores Babylon
                                            The Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft
Literatus........................... Layard's First Impressions
This Week in History................ Sir Austin Layard
Bravo............................... Assyrian Soccer Team Wins Nation's Cup
The Directory....................... News Sources
Bshena.............................. Chicago,California,Canada & Poland
Salute.............................. Sargon, Vladimir, Firas & Ashur
 

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                  THE   L   I   G   H   T   H   O   U   S   E
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   THE ASSYRIAN AID SOCIETY- SANTA CLARA COUNTY CHAPTER:  A REFLECTION
 

Over the last couple of years, I have served as the Vice President in
my first year and as the President of the Santa Clara Chapter of the
Assyrian Aid Society (SCCAAS) during my second year.  During this
period, I have experienced some highs, and also some disappointments.
Now that I have decided to move on to other projects, I would like to
share some personal reflections with Zenda readers, in the hope it may
answer some questions which I have heard asked.
 

I should begin by saying that, no matter what shortcomings may exist, I am a
strong believer in the mission of the Assyrian Aid Society.  I can't think
of a nobler goal for any Assyrian than to work to bring aid and a measure of
comfort to our brothers and sisters in the homeland. It is quite true that
A.A.S. is aimed at the needy Assyrians of north Iraq, and that they comprise
only a small fraction of the general Assyrian population. But it is
certainly better to do something modest than to do nothing at all.  The task
of assisting Assyrians in the main part of Iraq will be gigantic, and it can
only happen when international impediments have been removed.
 

During my tenure at the SCCAAS we staged a number of fund-raising
events outside the Assyrian community as I believe Assyrian organizations
can and must not depend on support from our own community simply because the
needs of our people are much greater than what our own community can help
with.  I also believe it is our duty to make the need of the Assyrian people
known to all people and in this way raise funds from government and
philanthropic agencies just like other ethnic groups have been doing for
years in the U.S.
 

We participated in the Walkathon event. We got our group accepted in the
"United Way", qualifying it to receive funds from that organization.   We
also had the opportunity for some pro-bono services of a Public Relations
firm that would have given AAS-U.S. wide recognition and open avenues of
fund raising only dreamed of before. Unfortunately due to lack of support
from my superiors at the AAS the pro-bono offer was withdrawn for lack of
input from AAS.
 

As the sponsoring organization, we also helped in the Bay area visit of the
two Assyrian children who were brought to the US last year for medical
treatment and a substantial fund raising was achieved through the means of
the Assyrian Weekly Magazine T.V. program hosted by Mr. George Maragulof,
and other programs hosted by the Assyrian Church of the East and the
Assyrian Chaldean Catholic Church of San Jose.  In the past two years, we
have managed to collect excess of $50,000, all of which was of course
delivered to A.A.S. headquarters in  San Francisco.
 

We also attempted to establish a well designed system of communication,
exchange and sharing of information within the chapters, with the Assyrian
people and non-Assyrians by means of leaflets, use of media resources and
involvement in non-Assyrian events to capture a larger scale of audience and
supporters.  For this to be successful it required accurate and timely
information and resources to be used to accomplish these goals, sadly we
were the only one who was willing to spend the time and effort to make this
possible, others were too busy with life and work responsibilities, as if we
did not have a life nor families of our own!
 

Throughout my tenure, I was called upon to defend A.A.S. from various
criticisms, both internal and external.  Now that I am no longer speaking
for A.A.S., I would like to address some of the comments which were made,
particularly about the A.A.S. operation in this country. It is my hope that
these comments will be seen as constructive criticism.
 

There have been repeated questions about the final destination of A.A.S.
funds. Some Assyrians feel that there has not been enough accountability.
Personally, I have no question that the funds we have raised have been
substantially transferred to north Iraq in aid of our people. At the same
time, I agree with those who complain about the lack of specificity when
accounting for these funds. The people are entitled to know.
 

At a recent A.A.S. program in San Jose, when this question was asked,there
were a couple of unsatisfactory answers.  Mr. Narsai David, who heads the
A.A.S., provided some very general statements to the effect that A.A.S.
funds have enabled the building of medical clinics, housing, schools and
roads; assistance to farmers; the publication of books; and delivery of
medicines and direct cash assistance.  Unfortunately, this is all vague
information, and it is also stale information.  We have heard it all before,
and it no longer provides incentive or inspiration to potential AAS volunteers.
 

A second answer was provided by Dr. Lincoln Malik, the Vice President
and a key player in the A.A.S.  Dr. Malik said it is not always practical to
have receipts for purchases in north Iraq.  While one could relate to this,
it was not helpful that in his tone Dr. Malik seemed peeved that the
question should even be asked. I believe that A.A.S. is best served if its
leader shows patience and empathy when good faith questions are asked.
 

There have been a number of questions raised by current or potential
A.A.S. volunteers, concerning the political situation in north Iraq.
People rightfully want to know if any aid they might provide would be of any
practical use in the current turmoil.  There seems to be confusion as to who
is in charge, and whether Assyrians in north Iraq any longer have the luxury
of taking advantage of any funds we might provide them.
 

In my opinion, aid to these Assyrians is as needed as ever.  However, it
would have been useful for Dr. Malik or Mr. David to address this issue very
specifically, and to provide the audience a sensible summary of the current
situation.
 

In my extended efforts for A.A.S., I have noticed also that there is almost
no information flow from the top to the bottom.  As much as I attempted to
keep the communication line open with my superiors so that I can rightfully
answer questions of the Assyrians in the Bay Area,I found that I was always
kept in the dark, even though presumably my position  was an important one
as the President of the Chapter, a member of the Executive Board, a member
of the Board of Directors as well as the liaison between AAS chapters.
 

For this I must lay the blame on Dr. Malik, who is the one with information
and answers in A.A.S. I completely understand the tireless efforts exerted
by Dr. Malik to advance the interests of our people via the work of the
A.A.S and A.D.M.  His time is no doubt quite limited, and his
responsibilities are many.  But what is wrong with delegating the task of
public information, which I willingly volunteered for, and the task of
informing your own lieutenants, so that they are not working in the dark. I
was really amazed, for example, to learn at this meeting that more than a
year before, the US and the UN officially recognized "AAS as an
International Aid Agency" (Dr. Malik). Does it not seem unfortunate that
such useful information would not have been transmitted to those of us
working in the trenches?
 

At this same meeting, both Mr. Narsai David and  Dr. Alexander Malik
(the medical aid project director) expressed disappointment that
the SCCAAS had not been more productive.  The fact is that along with
my local committee, we have made every conceivable effort to arouse
interest and support.  Considering we must all work full-time to support our
families, we believe that we have made a heroic effort. Regardless of any
disappointment a leader may feel, it ill serves the objectives of his
organization to read them the riot act and to even scold them for their
performance.  This is petty behavior not likely to inspire others to the
battle line.
 

Questions were also raised about the lack of visible support from the
Assyrian American Association in San Jose. The lack of participation by that
group is not for our lack of trying. The SCCAAS's invitation to work
together with the San Jose group has yet to generate any response.  Mr. John
Youkhanna, AAS Central Valley Director attempted to shift the blame and
responsibility to the Assyrian public and announced that since they
(executive board members) all live far from the San Jose area, it is up to
the Assyrian people to take on responsibilities of insuring the success of AAS.
 

My reply to that is, No, Mr. Youkhana, it is your responsibility as an
officer of AAS to take the time to meet with people and to insure that
projects are organized and executed properly and successfully. One should
not take on a title of a job unless that one is able to spend the time, is
willing and has the talent and knowledge to perform and be productive.
 

During my comments at this meeting I took it upon my own to inform
the Assyrian public, that I was no longer a member of the Assyrian
Aid Society since I had resigned as of August of 1996.  This information had
not been made known to the Assyrians in the Bay Area before nor during this
meeting.   My resignation was due to the lack of response, communication and
information from my superiors, a condition that I cannot tolerate and I
cannot continue my role and responsibilities as a president of a chapter.
They are satisfied with their accomplishments to this point, while I wanted
to go on farther and stronger ahead.
 

Our people in Iraq badly need our assistance. It is my hope that we who are
more fortunate in the West will take our responsibility more seriously than
we have in the past. It is also my hope that the leaders of Assyrian
organizations who claim that they want to help will set aside their egos and
strive to find the most effective ways to inspire their volunteer workers.
 

Esha Tamras
San Jose, California
 

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     G  O  O  D    M  O  R  N  I  N  G    B  E  T - N  A  H  R  A  I  N
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        NORTHERN BET-NAHRAIN HAS A NEW UN HUMANITARIAN COORDINATOR
 

(ZNRU: New York) Staffan de Mistura, a  veteran U.N. official for relief
assistance in world trouble spots, was named on Thursday as the new
coordinator for humanitarian aid in Iraq. He is expected to take up his new
post this week, replacing Gualtiero Gulcheri of Italy, who left Baghdad on
Monday. De Mistura, a Swede, is to supervise the complex oil-for-food
program in Iraq that involves U.N. monitors checking on food, medicine and
other goods for the Iraqi people. Under the program, Iraq is permitted to
sell $2 billion worth of oil over six months to buy needed supplies for its
people, who have suffered under trade sanctions since August 1990. The first
food deliveries to Iraq are expected shortly. An official of the U.N.
Children's Fund UNICEF, Mistura was the chief U.N. humanitarian coordinator
in northern Iraq in mid-1991 when Kurds fled to Turkey to escape Iraqi
bombardments. He served in Somalia in 1992-1994, supervising all U.N.
humanitarian aid there. Before that he was in Dubrovnik when that city was
under siege during Croatia's war of independence from Yugoslavia. During the
Ethiopian famine in 1984-5, he coordinated air drops of food by Western and
Eastern bloc countries -- a major feat during the Cold War. De Mistura's
languages include Arabic.
 

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                      S   U   R   F   S     U   P   !
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"with respect to our reaction to the kurdish atrocities against Assyrians, I
think we are on the right track to react to such news the way we are doing
and should indeed continue with such outcry/outburst of anger and
concern...as a matter of fact there should be no limits to our reaction
towards atrocities committed against our people.
 

It concerns me however, when our outbursts are not balanced....not so
rampant in reaction towards the systematic and brutal murders committed
against us by Arabs.
 

Arab/Baath sympathizers are very much excited about this news and all of a
sudden showing much 'concern' about Assyrians being killed !  the reasons
are obvious. Outcries such as this, towards anyone but Arabs, is always
welcome and encouraged by Arabs (& Baath Sympathizers) as it diffuses Arab
atrocities against us and indeed defocus our struggle.
 

Ashur Bet-Shliemoun
California
 

                           ***************
 

"Every week I receive the Zenda magazine and I want to thank you for that...
Thanks and keep up the good work!"
 

Peter de Rooij
 

                           ***************
 

"Reading ZENDA has become a Monday morning ritual with me, every Monday
morning I walk to my office in downtown Chicago, with a cup of coffee in my
hand, and rush to my computer, only to find a new electronic copy of ZENDA
waiting for me. You guys make my Monday morning smoother, that's for sure..."
 

Sargon B. Yalda
Chicago, Illinois
 

                           ***************
 

"I would like to bring to your attention a fact that was not mentioned
in the article posted on Zenda this last Monday.  It was mentioned that 'at
one point Mr. Ladimer Lachin of Zowaa and his party members withdrew from
the assembly at the community hall and were importuned to return later in
the evening.'  What ZENDA forgot to mention was that when Mr. Ladimer
Lachin, Representative of Zowaa in CA, asked the guest speakers a question,
Mr. Carlo Ganjeh rudely interrupted him and told him that he can save his
questions for Modesto, or in other word he was not being allowed to ask
questions like everyone else. I would like to bring to your attention that
the meeting was suppose to be an open discussion rally.  At that point Mr.
Lachin thanked Carlo and walked out of the meeting.  Close to 30 people,
Zowaa members and supportive of Mr. Lachin, walked out of the meeting also.
Meanwhile, an attendee turned to Mr. Sargon Yalda, the new president of the
Assyrian American Association of San Jose, and told him that what happened
was not right and they should go back and bring those people back into the
meeting.  Mr. Yalda went out and tried to bring those people back to the
meeting.  At beginning Ladimer and his supporters requested that Carlo to
step down as Moderator of the meeting and later they requested an official
apology from him.  Upon return to the meeting, Carlo officially apologized
to Ladimer and his supporters.  This is what happened.  I am not a Zowaa
member and I am not a member of any other group.  As an Assyrian I do not
wish to see only half of a truth on the line.  What Carlo did was rude and
uncalled for.  I wonder what prompted him to try to stop Ladimer from asking
questions?  I wonder."
 

Lena Mushell
San Jose, California
 

                           ***************
 

"I want to thank you for sending me the Zenda issue I had missed! I was
especially interested in it since I thought it would have some comments on
my father's story that had been published, and, in fact, it has Lena
Mushell's letter. My father was a very young boy when he left Zerini. When I
ask him about his life at that time he says he doesn't remember events or
persons too well. He is ninety years old and his memory is failing him a
little now. It is a good thing my mother wrote all that while he still
remembered his early life."
 

Gladys Warda
Uruguay
 

                           ***************
 

"i would like you to send me your publication because i bring it up in my
assyrian students union meeting and inform what other assyrians are doing
outside of los angeles. i will also inform you on the activities that occur
within the new assyrian centers committee  and other happenings within the
city of los angeles and i also want to get an idea of how to set up an
assyrian students home page with the articles that you have. please if
possible please add me to your subscription for me to enjoy the assyrian
brotherhood that is expressed through cyberspace.  love, peace and happiness
to all my assyrians out there."
 

Sargon Gewargis
Los Angeles
 

[Sargon is the former president of the Assyrian Students Club at California
State University at Northridge and has helped organize the current Assyrian
Boy Scouts of the Assyrian American Association of Southern California.]
 

                           ***************
 

[To our readers in La Trobe University in Australia who had requested an
 online picture of Queen Semiramis: Please see
 http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~jatou/sham.gif, complements of Assyria Online]
 

                PLANETS MARDUK AND TIAMAT MUST BE ALIGNED
 

[While preparing this issue of ZENDA we noticed an interesting consonance:
 this is the 3rd issue of the 3rd volume of our weekly, online newsletter
 being published on the 3rd day of the 3rd month of 1997...Anything to
amuse oneself on a cheerless Sunday night - one might think.]
 

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                  S  U  R  F  E  R  S      C  O  R  N  E  R
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ZENDA readers are invited to respond to the following request(s) by either
directly writing to the author or sending a reply to ZENDA.
***************************************************************************
 

Fellow Assyrian Human Rights Advocates
 
On Saturday, February 22, 1997, Mr. Sargon Lewie, president of the Assyrian
American National Federation, met with a number of Assyrians and formulated
a letter to be sent to the US Departments of State. The letter, reproduced
below, will also be sent to the President of the United States and every
member of the US Congress and Senate.  In addition, follow-up phone calls
and visits to the State Department, the Senate and Congress have been
planned in March of this year.  At this meeting on Saturday, it was resolved
that a number of subsequent meeting would be held to further plan ways to
peaceful combat aggression against Assyrian in Iraq. After you read the
letter below, we ask that you support this effort by your own letter to the
State Department and your own Senator and Congressman/woman.  We also ask
that you contact the Kurdistan Democratic Party (headed by Mas'ud Barazani,
whose authority is now predominant in the area of north Iraq), and express
your outrage at the manner in which Assyrians are being treated in Iraq.
The telephone number of the KDP in Washington, D.C. is (202) 331-9506.  The
fax number is (202) 331-9506. Please, for the sake of the Assyrians in our
homeland, whose lives are in danger constantly, we call upon  you to use
your writing skills and love of humanity to express your  disapproval of
what's happened and demand that justice be done.
 
Thank you.
Assyrian International News Agency (AINA)
 
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                  N   E   W  S       D   I   G   E   S   T
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                 IRAQ BATTLES AGAINST ARCHEOLOGICAL THEFT
 
(ZNRU: Baghdad) Excavations in the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital Dur
Shurrukin in 1993 led to the discovery in Iraq of a colossal statue of a
winged bull with the head of a bearded man. Unable to transport and preserve
the nearly 4,000 year-old monster, Iraqi archaeologists reburied it by
building a mud brick wall round it and covering it with earth and straw. The
bull was excavated again this year -- this time not by experts, but by a new
kind of Iraqi robber. They hacked off its head, the most precious part in
the Assyrian motif, leaving its now worthless torso behind. The campaign
against such robberies has cost Iraq more than 400,000 million dinars in
1996 (about $500,000). This was paid as a reward to the police for catching
smuggled artifacts and to Iraqis returning archaeological items. More than
45,000 artifacts, some of them unique to the history of Bet-Nahrain, have
been recovered but many more were still missing. A cylinder seal of a
precious stone, a common Mesopotamian artifact available in almost all
ancient mounds in Iraq, could fetch thousands of dollars abroad. One of the
most significant items retrieved was a slab of black diorite inscribed with
cuneiform writing. "It is the biography of one of the famous kings of
Babylonia in the second millennium B.C.. It tells the story of King Libbat
Ishtar (heart of Ishtar). It is relatively easy for thieves to dig up an
ancient mound in Iraq. Finds
usually lie close to the surface and digging can be undertaken with shovels
and spades.
 

        SADDAM'S SECOND SON ATTACKED DURING AN ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT
 

(ZNUP: Damascus) President Saddam Hussein's second son, Qusay, has survived
an assassination bid, but his three bodyguards were killed. Unidentified
gunmen left the president's eldest son Uday seriously wounded and partly
paralyzed in a Baghdad suburb attack on Dec. 11.  Both of the president's
sons, Uday and Qusay, have major responsibilities in the government's
security forces. Iraqi exiles have speculated that the Uday assassination
bid could be tied to a violent family feud.
 

                          NEWS FROM CANADA
 

(ZNDA: Ontario) The second issue of THE HOPE newspaper, produced by
Bet-Nahrain Democratic Party, was recently send out to subscribers, free of
charge. The newspaper covers news and information, and includes articles on
the Assyrian culture and general interest. Printed in tabloid size, mostly
in Assyrian and English, it is distributed among the Assyrian communities of
Chicago, Detroit, California, and Toronto.To receive your copy contact the
publisher at:
                       THE HOPE newspaper
                       14 Elderridge Crt.
                        Stoney-Creek, ON
                            L8J 3R6
 

            Tel. (905) 279-7347  -  Fax (905) 573-1478
 

                      e-mail:  ashour@ican.net
 

 
(ZNDA: Ontario) Bet-Nahrain Democratic Party has completed the publication
of the first semi-annual issue of the Assyrian Directory of Canada. It
consist of 220 pages of information divided into four sections.  The first
section, the Assyrian Business Directory, has over 120 pages of  graphic
advertisements of all Assyrian businesses in Canada. The Assyrian
Residential Directory lists over 980 Assyrian names with complete address
and telephone information.  The third section, Assyrian Institutions, covers
all Assyrian organizations, Assyrian community centers, churches, internet
locations, Assyrian language schools, Assyrian media in Canada.  The last
section is comprised of several General Articles in English and Assyrian.
The next edition will appear on July 2, 1997. For more information contact
Bet-Nahrain Democratic Party representatives in your area or call, fax or
e-mail:
 

Tel. (905) 318-8283  -   Fax (905) 573-1478  -  E-Mail: ashour@ican.net

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         C   A   L   E   N   D   A   R     OF     E   V   E   N   T   S
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Thru Mar 10             Art & Empire: Treasures from Assyria in the British
                                         Museum
                        National Gallery of Victoria
                        Melbourne, Australia
                        Admission: $10.00
 

Thru Apr 6      The Ain Ghazal Exhibit
                        Smithsonian Institute
                        Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
                Washington D.C.
                        AAA of Southern CA      (818) 506-7577
 

Mar 12                  Guardians of the Gate:  The Assyrian Winged Colossi
                        Lecturer:  A. Harrak
                        Near and Middle Eastern Civilization
                        University of Toronto
                        St. George campus
                        Toronto, Canada
                        8:00 p.m
 

April 9                 Recent Excavations at Gordion, Turkey:
                        An Achaemenid Persian Imperial Town in Central Anatolia
                        Lecturer:  T.C. Young, Jr.
                        Royal Ontario Museum
                        Toronto, Canada
                        8:00 p.m
 

May 4                   "Near Eastern Archeology"
                        Speaker:  Dr. Thomas E. Levy
                        University of California, San Diago
 

                        Location:  Westchester, New York
                        Call Hugo Vandenwall Bake (914) 472-0874
 

May 5                   "Near Eastern Archeology"
                        Speaker:  Dr. Thomas E. Levy
                        University of California, San Diago
 

                        Location:  Tufts University, Boston
                        Call Jodi Magness (617) 628-5000 x2680
                        http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/classicsDept/aia.html
 

May 24                  A C N C '97
                        The Third Assyrian Community Networking Conference
                        The Assyrian State Convention of California
                        Turlock, California
                    Organized by The Assyrian Community Networking Society
 

Aug 26-Sept 2           Assyrian American National Convention
                        Hyatt Regency Dearborn
                        Fairlane Town Center
                        Detroit, Michigan
                        All Single,double,triple,quad rooms: $95 per day
                        Reservations: (313) 982-6880
                        Reservations must be made by August 7.
 
 
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                               E N T R A C T E
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Mar 21                  Kha b'Neesan Cocktail Dance Party
                        Assyrian American Association of San Jose
                        San Jose Athletic Club
                        196 North 3rd Street  (408) 292-1281
                        7:30 pm
                        Donation:  $30.00
                        "Hot Hord d'oevres!"
                        No tickets sold at the door/no reservations
                        For tickets call:
                                Caroline Nasseri        (408) 268-7990
                                Ellen Sayad             (408) 997-0392
                                Jaleh Atniel            (408) 927-8881
 
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                         I N T E L L I G E N T S I A
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The Assyrian Athletic Club, under new committee, have started a
     children Soccer development program, for children ages 7-14 years. The
     program takes place Monday nights from 7:45 - 9:45 p.m. at Weber Park
     Gym. on Western Ave (by Devon St.) in Chicago, all are welcome.
 
 
 
 
 

Fridays                 Assyrian Educational & Cultural Club at
                        Modesto Junior College
                        1:00 pm
                        Founders Hall 108
                        Modesto, U.S.A.
 

Saturdays               Nisibis School
                        10:30-1:30
                        The Church of the East
                        Toronto, Canada
 
 

Sundays                 Assyrian Boy Scouts
                        Assyrian American Association of Southern California
                        Assyrian Club
                        5901 Cahuenga Blvd
                        North Hollywood, California
                        9:30am  to 12:30pm
                        Contact Sargon Gewargis @ fishtale@juno.com
                        (818) 891-3705 after 7:30 pm
 

                        Assyrian Student Union
                        California State University, Northridge
                        Assyrian American Association of Southern California
                        Assyrian Club
                        5901 Cahuenga Blvd
                        North Hollywood, California
                        6:00pm
                        Contact Sargon Gewargis @ fishtale@juno.com
                        (818) 891-3705 after 7:30 pm
 

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      A  S  S  Y  R  I  A  N     S  U  R  F  I  N  G     P  O  S  T  S
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Why is a circle 360 degrees?  Because ancient Bet-Nahranaye (Mesopotamians)
said so.  Check out this week's featured website:
 

http://forum.swarthmore.edu/dr.math/problems/origin_degrees.html
 

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                     P  U  M  P    UP THE   V O L U M E
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                English         Modern Assyrian
 

                To End                  khtam/ta (tha)  [F]
                        Ana bekh/ta/mo/wan swaa/dee.
                        [I am finishing my talk].
 

                To begin                shaa/re/ta (tha)        [F]
___________________________________________________________________________
F = Feminine     M = Masculine      P = Plural
 
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                B  A  C  K     TO THE      F  U  T  U  R  E
===========================================================================
B.C. (625) Nabopolassar, the first ruler of the neo-Babylonian (Chaldean)
Dynasty, begins the restoration of Babylon in an effort to bring the city to
its former glory.
 

<< The Ishtar Gate, Verlag Philipp von Zabern >>
 
 

A.D. (Jan 24, 1898) The Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft is established to
finance the Babylonian excavation and other scientific enterprises. An
excavation team was sent to Babylon in the same year.
 

<<The Ishtar Gate, Verlag Philipp von Zabern >>
 

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                    L    I    T    E    R    A    T    U    S
===========================================================================
 

   SIR HENRY AUSTIN LAYARD'S FIRST IMPRESSION OF NORTHERN BET-NAHRAIN
 

The scene around is worthy of the ruin he is contemplating; desolation meets
desolation; a feeling of awe succeeds to wonder; for there is nothing to
relieve the mind, to lead to hope or to tell what has gone by.  These huge
mounds of Assyria made a deeper impression on me, gave rise to more serious
thoughts and more earnest reflection, than the temples o Balbec, and the
theatres of Ionia.
 

<< Foundations in the Dust, Seton Lloyd >>
 

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           T  H  I  S    W  E  E  K     I  N    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y
===========================================================================
 

March 5, 1817:  born, Sir Henry Austin Layard, British archeologist who
discovered the ruins of northern Bet-Nahrain.
 
===========================================================================
                         B     R    A     V     O
===========================================================================
 

                  ASSYRIAN SOCCER TEAM WINS NATION'S CUP
 

(ZNDA: Chicago) Team Assyria, majority of whose members are represented by
the players of the Winged Bull of Chicago has won the Nation's Cup of
Soccer. It defeated Mexico, Albania and Romania in a very exciting
tournament that took place last month.
 
===========================================================================
                         the   D I  R  E  C  T  O  R  Y
===========================================================================
ZNAD (Assyrian Democratic Organization)
ZNAM (Archeology Magazine)
ZNAP (Associated Press International)
ZNBN (Bet-Nahrain Inc/ KBSV-TV "AssyriaVision")
ZNDA (Zenda: zenda@ix.netcom.com)
ZNMN (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNNQ (Nabu Quarterly)
ZNNV (Nineveh Magazine)
ZNRU (Reuters)
ZNSJ (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNTM (Time Magazine)
ZNUP (United Press International)
ZNUS (US News & World Report)
 

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             W   E   L   C   O   M   E     T O     Z   E   N   D   A
===========================================================================
Zenda welcomes our new on-line subscribers from:
 

CORPORATE ACCOUNTS
                        Sargent & Lundy of Chicago
                        Cadence Design Systems, Inc
                        Applied Materials
UNIVERSITY ACCOUNTS
                        McMaster University, Canada
PERSONAL ACCOUNTS
                        Chicago [3 accounts]
                        Poland
 
===========================================================================
                     S     A     L     U     T     E
===========================================================================
Zenda wishes to thank the following individuals & organizations whose
contributions appear in this issue:
 

                Sargon B. Yalda         Chicago, Illinois
                Vladimir Moghaddasi             San Jose, California
                Firas Jatou                     Chicago, Illinois
                Ashur Simon Malek               Ontario, Canada
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