The Lighthouse.........................................
Lebanese-Christians & Assyro-Chaldeans Are on One Boat...
Good Morning Bet-Nahrain....................Turkish
Troops will Stay in Northern Iraq
Syria and Iraq Ask Turkey to Join the Water Talks
Surfs Up....................................................."the
only reason (our) leaders do not want to unite is financial gain"
Surfers Corner............................................Erneute
Massaker an die Suryoyo im Tur'Abdin
Assyrian American AMVET Memorial Fund
45th Int'l Congress of Assyriology & NE Archaeology
News Digest...............................................Diplomatic
Showdown Between U.S. & Iraq
Calendar of Events....................................No
New Entries
Khudra.........................................................November
1997-January 1998
Entracte.......................................................No
New Entries
Intelligentsia................................................Meetings
& Classes
Abzu.............................................................Assyrian
Radio & TV Programs
Assyrian Surfing Posts..............................The
Descent of Ishtar: Soundtrack in original Babylonian
Pump up the Volume.................................Honor
& Integrity
Back to the Future......................................The
First Dynasty of Babylon & Yazdgird III
Literatus.......................................................An
Ancient Assyrian Marriage Contract
This Week in History...............................
Assassination of the Assyrian Patriarch
Bravo...........................................................Two
New Classes in San Jose
The Directory.............................................ZENDA
News Sources
Bshena.........................................................Chicago,
London, Melbourne, Montreal, & Yahoo
Salute............................................................Albert,
Esha, Firas, Gabrial, Lena, Raman, & Shamiran
Phares indicated that the beginning of the twentieth century was critical and dramatic for both people, who culturally belongs to the same Syriac speaking culture. "While the Assyrians were persecuted in Mesopotamia and oppressed in Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran, the Lebanese Christians were given a state on a plate of gold, in 1920. In five decades, the Lebanese Christian leadership, particularly since the independence, lost everything. From accepting to integrate the Arab League, to the Arab-Israeli conflict, to abandoning their historic identity, the Maronite elites gravely undermined the survival of their nation. Since 1975, the Lebanese Christians had the opportunity to correct past historical mistakes and redress their national situation. The Lebanese Christian resistance paid a very high price to maintain a free enclave in face of a powerful conglomerate of Syrian, Palestinian, and local fundamentalist forces.
In fifteen years of war, the Christian leadership
lost even more opportunities: In 1977 they endorsed the Syrian intervention,
then had to fight it in 1978. In 1982 they missed the opportunity of the
strategic change created by the Israelis, wasted the presence of the multinational
forces, and ended signing the first agreements of political defeat in Lausanne
and Geneva in 1984. In 1985, more concessions to the Syrians and the Arab
identity of Lebanon were made in the Bickfaya agreements. In the same year,
the tri-partite agreement almost ended the resistance. Four years later,
the Taif agreement executed the
remnant of the resistance. Most of Lebanon's
Christian leadership signed or endorsed the Syrian-take over. By October
1990, the central enclave was gone, the legal institutions were taken over,
and the Christians started their march of agony towards disintegration."
Today, said Phares, the Christians of Lebanon
are politically agonizing, hopeless and lost. They've learned the hard
way the meaning of lost opportunities and lacking strategic vision. Our
Assyrian and other Syriac-speaking brethren have experienced parallel tragedies
in the beginning of the century. Now all the Christians of the Levant are
in the same boat, a boat which is sinking. We would need extraordinary
efforts and a good deal of chance to be able to rescue part of what we
lost in this
decade, or probably in the early 21st century.
As we can see it, the Assyrians have initiated their renaissance in exile
and are struggling to keep their cause alive. The Lebanese Christians are
still under the influence of their political past and traditional leadership.
What is needed is a tidal wave among the community's vital forces to reverse
the process of decline. A renaissance is what is needed. But such
intellectual revolution cannot develop within the context of obsolete thinking
and backward
political behavior. This is today's challenge
among the Lebanese Christians both within the country and in the diaspora.
"
Phares called on the Assyro-Chaldeans and Syriacs
to join the Lebanese Christians in their quest for freedom and self determination.
"For, in this historical period, only a free Lebanon can express the freedom
to the greater family of Syro-Mesopotamian Christians. In the diaspora,
and particularly in the United States, there are enough freedom for Mideast
Christians to reassert themselves and reclaim their own history, identity,
and fundamental rights. While we see so many ethnic, religious and other
type of communities working hard to defend their traditions, culture, and
rights, our communities,
Maronites, Melkites, Orthodox, Assyro-Chaldeans
and Syriacs, are fragmented, dispersed, lost, and above all, used by lobbies
to promote the interests of Arab regimes, most of which ironically, are
oppressing the Mideast Christians."
Phares concluded by calling on the Assyro-Chaldean leadership to stage a campaign aiming at recapturing the representation of the community, and building strong bridges with the Lebanese Christians, other Mideast Christians, and all communities seeking freedom, democracy and justice in the Middle East."
Mideast Newswire
Detroit, Michigan
September 4, 1997
(ZNAF: Ankara) Approximately 30,000 Turkish troops are preparing to spend the winter in northern Iraq on the Iraqi side of a border "security zone" which the Ankara government announced informally last week to prevent Kurdish separatist rebels from staging attacks in Turkey. The number of troops currently in the area remains unknown, and there was no official confirmation of the plans to retain an important military presence in northern Iraq. Iraqi authorities lost control of this mountainous region to Iraqi Kurds after the 1991 Gulf War. In this year's incursions, the Turkish troops are allied with a leading Iraqi Kurdish group, the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Massud Barzani. Two rival Iraqi Kurdish groups resumed clashes in northern Iraq late Saturday as heavy rains which prevented them from fighting for two days eased. "Last night there was fighting in the Harir valley," some 60 kilometres (40 miles) south of the Turkish border, noted a spokesman in London for the Iraqi National Congress (INC) . Massud Barzani's KDP and Jalal Talabani's PUK resumed heavy fighting in northern Iraq in mid-October following the collapse of a fragile one-year ceasefire. The PUK has accused Turkish warplanes of pounding its positions in support of the KDP since the resumption of hostilities on October 13. Talabani's group charged Turkey with using napalm and cluster bombs in the last several days of air raids, but the Turkish foreign ministry Friday denied the claim. Barzani and Talabani's groups have controlled northern Iraq in defiance of Baghdad since the 1991 Gulf war, but their partnership collapsed in 1994 due to rifts on power-sharing and revenue. More than 3,000 people have died in intermittent clashes since then. The Assyrian community has so far maintained a neutral position and at times offered its representatives (Assyrian Democratic Movement "Zowaa") as mediators during the Ankara Talks between the western negotiators and the Kurdish groups.
IRAQ & SYRIA ASK TURKEY TO JOIN THE WATER TALKS
(ZNUP: Damascus) The joint Syrian-Iraqi
water committee concluded one week of meetings in Damascus with a
new call on Turkey to join talks for a final
accord on sharing disputed waters of the Euphrates River. The conferees
have
recommended to "send a new invitation'' to Turkey to take part in meetings
of the technical committee. The Tripartite Water Committee, which
includes Iraq, Syria and Turkey, has failed to meet since 1992 because
of Ankara's boycott. Syria has protested a Turkish project, which
started in 1994, to build 22 dams on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for
irrigation and to generate electricity. Syria and Iraq want Turkey
to sign an accord that provides for a new sharing of water instead of the
1987 accord that gives both of them 500 cubic meters per second.
Syria accused Turkey of polluting the Euphrates waters since 1995, stating
that there has been a high level of salinity, industrial and chemical residues
as well as wastewater. Irrigating agricultural land with such waters could
destroy it in one season. The water crisis in Syria has affected the Assyrian
communities of the Khabour River Region in Syria where lack of water for
consumption and farming forced a group of Assyrians to form to Khabour
River Project. Through their efforts new water wells became an alternative
source of water for several villages. Bashir Saadi and two other
who directed the project were later arrested and remain as prisoners of
the government in Damascus.
I agree totally with Mr. Ed William's remarks that " national unity is imperative standing over the church and tribal affiliations" and I would like to add that the only reason the so called leaders do not want to unite is financial gain. All Assyrians should realize that and stop going to church and stop supporting those bums."
Dr. Alksander Odisho
Toronto, Canada
The editorial board of JAAS should explain to
Assyrian community how did JAAS evolve from an academic journal to
a journal of personal attacks."
Tony Khoshaba
Chicago, Illinois
"Thank you for the opportunity to say a word about
the letter of criticism recently directed at the Journal of the Assyrian
Academic Society by Mr. Tony Khoshaba. Curiously, the Journal has
yet to receive any letter or other message directly from Mr. Khoshaba.
As a long-time active member of the Assyrian
Academic Society, Mr. Tony Khoshaba is understandably concerned that views
expressed in the Journal should not necessarily be seen as those of the
Society. We wanted to assure Mr. Khoshaba that this was not our intention.
We have never spoken for the Society, nor have Journal writers ever spoken
for our publication. Mr. Khoshaba goes on to note that the Assyrian
section of the Journal recently published six letters which question the
current dialog between the Assyrian Church of the East and the Catholic
Church. Mr. Khoshaba is particularly critical of a letter by Odisho
Malko, which he views as "a total insult to our Assyrian brethren in the
Catholic Church." We would characterize it otherwise. Clearly Mr. Malko
has sharp disagreement with the nomenclature "Chaldean". He also takes
great exception to the principle that "Mary is the mother of God". In this
and other respects, Mr. Malko is simply restating Church of East doctrine
which has been affirmed at least up to the present time.
Mr. Khoshaba concludes as follows: "Publication of such one-sided and non-academic materials is definitely a deterioration of JAAS mission (i. e. to publish well-researched and academic articles) and should be stopped in future volumes. "The editorial board of JAAS should explain to Assyrian community how did JAAS evolve from an academic journal to a journal of personal attacks." It would seem first of all that Mr. Khoshaba has overlooked the introduction to the Assyrian section (pages 1-2), where we stated the following (in Assyrian): "The Editors of the Journal of the Assyrian Academic Society feel that the Journal is a vehicle for our people in general, and its intellectuals in particular, to express their views on any subject that is related to their national and religious identity."
Prompted by this belief, and to offer our readers
a variety of viewpoints on the subject, we invited two bishops, four priests,
and a number of lay persons to share their thoughts with us. To date, not
a single cleric replied, although we continue to hope for some answers.
Pending the arrival of other comments, we decided to publish the replies
which had been received by press time.
The current ecclesiastical dialogue has been
the subject of several previous articles in our Journal, none of which
ever engendered any negative feedback. We have tried as best we can to
provide the reader some of the historical background along with some of
the contemporary viewpoints. Whether it is seen as an exercise in "reconciliation"
or aimed at "unification", the current discussions constitute a red-button
issue to many. The letters published in the last issue were intended to
generate
responses, and we hope they will. Disputes are
the lifeblood of democracy. We hope that Mr. Khoshaba, who obviously
takes sharp issue with previous writers, will take advantage of the opportunity
to submit his own letter for our next issue. To date, we have not received
his comments, nor can we ascertain from his letter to Zenda exactly what
his views may be.
In conclusion, we must stress one factor in particular.
This Journal does not have a specific position which supports or opposes
any of our Churches. It was our intention to invite commentary on this
issue from all comers. The fact that the first set of letters generally
represented only one point of view has unfortunately given the impression
that this is editorial policy. Nothing could be more wrong. Those who make
up our Journal come from differing confessional attitudes, and our publication
as such has no
position pro or con in relation to the current
ecumenical dialogue. Anyone is welcome to express his or her reasoned
views to us regarding this issue. Please address us at the following address:
JAAS, P.O. Box 4102, Des Plaines, IL 60016-4102.
The Editors of JAAS
[The letters written in the Assyrian section of the Journal of the Assyrian Academic Society can be found in Vol XI, No 1, 1997 issue.]
Eine weitere syrisch-orthodoxe Familie wurde am 24.9.1997 in Mzizah umgebracht. Das Ehepaar Iskender (75) und Rihane (70) Araz wurde am Abend in ihren Wohnung nach Angaben von Familienangehoerigen wahrscheinlich von kurdischen „Dorfschuetzern" oder Hisbollah brutal mit mehreren Kopfschuessen getoetet. Nach den hinterlassenen Spuren in der Wohnung zu urteilen, duerften sich die Moerder vor dem Verbrechen von ihren Opfern verpflegt haben lassen. Die Bewirtung legt den Schluss nahe, dass die Taeter von der beiden Ehepartnern bekannt waren. Weder eine Gerichtsmedizinische Untersuchung noch eine Spurensicherung wurden, wie auch bei allen anderen Mordfaellen im Tur‘Abdin, von Seiten der tuerkischen Regierung durchgefuehrt. Nur kurz protokollierten die Behoerden von Midyat die Geschehnisse. Die Leichen des Ehepaares wurden noch am gleichen Tag in Abwesenheit von Familienangehoerigen beigesetzt. Die Kinder und Verwandten der Opfer fluechteten vor Jahren nach Deutschland und konnten nicht an dem Begraebnis ihrer Eltern teilnehmen.
In der gleichen Art und Weise wie diese brutalen Morde sind weitere syrische Familien, im Tur‘Abdin umgebracht worden: im Mai 1990 zwei Personen der Familie Bulut in Anhil und einen Monat spaeter das Ehepaar Aykal in ‘Urnus/Arnas. Diese Mordfaelle werden den sogenannten „Dorfschuetzern" zur Last gelegt. Die „Dorfschuetzer" sind paramilitaerischen Einheiten, die von der tuerkischen Regierung mit Waffen und Geldmitteln unterstuetzt werden. Ihr Einsatz dient angeblich dem Schutz der Bevoelkerung im Suedosten der Tuerkei vor Ueberfaellen der kurdischen Befreiungsorganisation PKK. Doch treten die Dorfschuetzer nach Angaben der Betroffenen mehr und mehr als Mordinstrumente fuer die Untergrundorganisation des „Islamischen Heiligen Krieges" gegen die Christen in der Tuerkei in Erscheinung. Diese Organisation, die von den islamisch-fundamentalistischen Staaten zur Errichtung eines „Gottesstaat" in der Tuerkei unterstuetzt wird, fordert die Christen im Tur’Abdin ultimativ auf, das islamisch gepraegte Land zu verlassen.
In dem 7 km oestlich
von Midyat gelegenen Dorf Mzizah leben heute nur noch
fuenf syrischen Familien. Der Rest der Bewohner mit ihrem Pfarrer
ist wie die anderen Suryoye aus dem Tur‘Abdin
im Laufe der letzten Jahrzehnte in
den Westen meistens nach Deutschland ausgewandert. Die Zahl
der aramaeischen Urbewohner vom Tur‘Abdin ist vor drei Jahren stark
reduziert worden. Heute leben dort weniger als
2374 Menschen in 22
Doerfern und in der
Tuerkei nur 14539 insgesamt (stand: September 1995). Die
Gruende ihrer Auswanderung sind die physische und psychische Verfolgung
wie diese Massaker und verhaengten Massnahmen sowohl von der tuerkischen
Regierung als auch von den Kurden. Vor einer Woche hat die
tuerkische Regierung die uebriggebliebenen Kloester
geschlossen, ihre Renovierung untersagt
und der Unterricht der syrischen Sprache verboten.
Wir Suryoye appellieren
an die tuerkischen Regierung diese verhaengten
undemokratischen Massnahmen
aufzuheben, und alle Minderheiten in der Tuerkei
mit demokratischen Rechten zu behandeln. Dieser Appell ist auch
an die deutsche Regierung und an die EU gerichtet,
die Menschenrechtsverletzungen an die Minderheiten in der Tuerkei ernst
zu nehmen und die Regierung in Ankara
auffordern, die Demokratie im Lande besser
zu schuetzen.
Dear Memorial Fund Contributor; October 1997
The Assyrian American AMVETS (American Veterans
of World War II, Korea and Vietnam) Post 5 of Chicago, Illinois Memorial
Committee has started the final phase of installing the Memorial Monument
honoring Assyrian Americans who gave
their lives in the service of our country and
the Assyrian men and women who served in all the Wars of the United
States of America.
The Memorial, a center tablet and two wings, weighing over 15 thousand pounds, may be seen on or about November 15, 1997 in Section 45 of Elmwood Park Cemetery located in the Chicago suburb of River Grove, Illinois.
You can participate in this Memorial by making a tax deductible contribution to the Memorial Fund. Your generous contribution is needed to complete the $70,000.00 Memorial.
All contributors will be honored by having their names included in the time capsule to be entombed at the dedication.
You may wish to acquire a Memorial Brick on the
walkway in front of the Monument. A contribution of at least $500.00 is
required to place the name of a loved one(s) on the Memorial Brick.
The number of Bricks are limited and will be assigned
on a first come basis.
The dedication will be in the spring of 1998 prior to Memorial Day. Please make your plans to attend this memorable weekend which will include the dedication of the Monument and the celebration of the AMVET Post 5, Fiftieth Anniversary.
The AMVET Post 5 Memorial Committee:
Cyrus A Alexander
Edward E Joseph Albert Miglioratti
Lincoln Peters
John Hosanna
Marshall Joseph *John J Ninirod
Lincoln S Tamraz *
* For further information Please call (773) 264-2786 or (773) 463-0990
Please find my tax deductible contribution of $400.00______ $300.00 _______ $200.00______ Other$______
Please reserve Memorial Brick(s) in the name of : ____________________________________________
Please make your checks payable to:
Assyrian American AWER Post 5 Memorial Fund
c/o Ms. Margaret Cumniing
First Bank & Trust of Evanston
820 Church Street
Evanston, IL 60201
ALL CONTRIBUTIONS ARE TAX DEDUCTIBLE: 7055 North Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60626
John Hosanna, editor and
publisher of the "Assyrian Americans Who Served in the Armed Forces of
the United States" died on Sunday, October 19 in Chicago. He was
86. John worked diligently to in the fundraising efforts toward the
construction of a permanent memorial monument at Elmwood Cemetery in honor
of the Assyrian American servicemen. His book contains the pictures
of hundreds of Assyrian men and women who served during World War II, Korean
War, and the War in Vietnam. For more information visit the
Assyrian American Veterans' Website.
(ZNAF: Baghdad) Last week Iraq turned
back US arms inspectors working for the United Nations and was poised for
a new showdown if their colleagues posted in Baghdad ventured out to resume
field operations. The UN Special Commission (UNSCOM) in charge of
disarming Iraq said the Iraqi authorities allowed in six arms inspectors
of other nationalities, including the Swedish head of a monitoring centre
in Baghdad. UNSCOM addressed a letter to the UN Security Council
president
to inform him of the incident at Habbaniya airport,
west of the capital. Two Americans working for UNSCOM were asked "politely"
to leave, in the incident at Habbaniya airport, west of the capital, a
diplomatic source here said. In "solidarity," a third US national
who works for the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to disarm Iraq
returned with them aboard a UN plane to Manama, although he was not turned
back. The same US nationals had tried in vain to enter Iraq on Thursday,
a day after President Saddam Hussein imposed a ban on Americans who work
for UNSCOM and ordered out the eight posted
here. One of the eight Americans in Iraq also
left on Sunday as part of a "normal rotation" of staff, who on Monday are
to
resume field operations. "Monday will be a crucial
day because it will be the real test for Iraq. Inspectors are going to
start a new mission, and it is very, very probable that Americans will
take part in it," said a Western diplomat in Baghdad. The Arab League
on Sunday also "categorically" rejected any military intervention against
Iraq and called on the Security Council to take peaceful actions to contain
the crisis. Meanwhile, Saddam and his ministers held a meeting Sunday
on what measures to take against possible "US aggression," the official
INA news agency said. A UN oil embargo in force against Iraq since
its invasion of Kuwait in 1990 can not be lifted until UNSCOM has
certified the elimination of Baghdad's weapons of mass destruction.
Protests took place in Iraq for the fifth straight day Sunday supporting
the government's decision to stop cooperating with US officials from the
UN Special Commission to disarm Iraq (UNSCOM). Some 15,000 people
rallied in Mosul (Nineveh), 400 kilometers (250 miles) north of Baghdad,
with banners that said "Yes to President Saddam Hussein," "No to the Americans"
and "No to injustice," witnesses there said. State television reported
that similar demonstrations occurred in the southern cities of Basra, Diwaniya,
Najaf, Nassiriya and Hilla and in the northern city of Kirkuk.
Nov 22-24
Middle East Studies Association's 31st Annual Meeting
San Francisco, California
Hyatt Regency San Francisco
Dec 11-13
British Association for Near Eastern Archaeology
1997 Annual Conference
University of Durham
United Kingdom
Through Mar 8,1998
In the Presence of the Gods: Art from Ancient Sumer
The Smart Museum of Art
5550 South Greenwood Avenue
Chicago
Free Admission
Nov 3
Dokhrana 'd Mar Gewargis, Sahda (The Martyr)
Nov 19
Commemoration of Mar Yacoub m' Pasqa
Nov 22
Dokhrana 'd Mar Odisho d'Urmi
Dec 7
Annunciation of the Virgin Mary (Soobara)
Dec 8
Immaculate Conception
Dec 13
Mar Yacub d'Nsiven (St. James of Nisibin)
Dec 20
King Abgar V
Dec 22
Mar Yousip (St. Joseph)
Dec 25
Christmas (New Calendar)
Jan 1
Mee-yah Khateh (Epiphany)
Jan 22
Dokhrana 'd Mar Benyamin (St. Benjamin)
The Church Liturgy of the Assyrian Church of the East
Dec 31
New Year's Eve Party
Assyrian American Association of San Jose
Entertainers: Black Cats & Franco
Marriott Hotel
Santa Clara, California
| Chicago | Intro & Adv Modern Assyrian | Zaia Kanoon | Wed,Thu,& Sat | 7:00-9:00 PM | North Park University
Carlson Tower |
Assyrian Academic Society
800-454-6979 |
| Soccer Practice
Ages 7-14 |
Mondays | 7:45-9:45 PM | Warren Park Gymnasium
Western Avenue & Devon Street |
Assyrian Athletic Club Soccer Development Program | ||
| Harvard University | Elementary & Readings in Syriac I & II | Dr. J.F. Coakley | ||||
| North Hollywood | Assyrian Boy Scouts | Sargon Gewargis fishtale@juno.com
(818) 891-3705 after 7:30 PM |
Sundays | 9:30 AM to 12:30 PM | 5901 Cahuenga Blvd
North Hollywood, California |
Assyrian American Association of Southern California
Assyrian Club |
| - | Meeting | Sargon Gewargis fishtale@juno.com
(818) 891-3705 after 7:30 PM |
Mondays | 6:00 PM | 5901 Cahuenga Blvd
North Hollywood, California |
Assyrian Student Union
California State University, Northridge |
| Ontario, Canada | Nisibis School | Saturdays | 10:30-1:30 PM | Toronto, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12:00 PM | MSA Room, Fennell Campus
Hamilton, Canada |
Assyrian Students Association |
| San Jose, CA | English as a Second Language | Jacklin Bajan | Mondays | 7:00-9:30 PM | 20000 Almaden Rd, San Jose | Assyrian American Association of San Jose |
|
|
Nisibin School for Children | Madlen Ivan | Saturdays | 10:00 AM -1:00 PM | 20000 Almaden Rd, San Jose | Assyrian American Association of San Jose |
|
|
Computer Class | Esha Tamras | Sundays | 2:00-4:00 PM | 20000 Almaden Rd, San Jose | Assyrian American Association of San Jose |
|
|
Assyrian Language | Wilfred Alkhas | Mondays | 7:30-9:00 PM | 20000 Almaden Rd, San Jose | Assyrian American Association of San Jose |
| Ontario, Canada | Assyrian Voice of Canada | Saturdays | 3:00-4:00 PM
10:00 PM-12:00 AM |
Cable 91.7 & 91.9 | Voice: 905-279-6206
Fax: 905-279-7347 |
| Modesto/Turlock | AssyriaVision | Daily | 7:00 AM-2:00 AM | KBSV-TV 23 | Bet-Nahrain Inc.
209-538-4130 |
| San Jose, California | Atour TV | Mondays | 8:30-9:00 PM | Channel 15A (TCI Cable) | Assyrian American Association of San Jose |
| San Jose/South San Francisco Bay Area | Assyrian Weekly Magazine | Tuesdays (1st & 3rd of the month) | 6:00-7:00 PM | Channel 15A (TCI Cable) | Host: George Maragolof |
| San Jose/South San Francisco Bay Area | Assyrian Weekly Magazine | Fridays | 7:00-8:00 PM | Channel 15A (TCI Cable) | Host: George Maragolof |
| Southern California & Chicago | Assyrian Church of Nineveh | Check Your Local Listing | Check Your Local Listing | Ch. 20: Santa Clarita
Ch. 25: East San Fernando Valley Ch. 27: West San Fernando Valley Ch. 36: Chicago |
Assyrian Pentecostal Church of Nineveh |
F = Feminine M = Masculine P = Plural
The First Dynasty of Babylon began
to rule in the city of Babylon under its founder, Sumuabum, who reigned
for 13 years. The Dynasty's eleven kings ruled for 300 years.
Under Sumulailu, Sabum, Apil-Sin, and Sin-Muballit, the power of the Babylonians
increased greatly, but it was under the rule of Hammurabi that Babylon
achieved its greatest influence and splendor. Hammurabi ruled for
42 years and was the sixth king of this Dynasty.
<< Babylonian Life
& History, Budge >>
AD (651)
Yazdgird III, the last Sassanid king of Persia, after his defeat by the Arabs, dies in the city of Merv and is buried by the Nestorian bishop of this town.
<< Journal of the Assyrian
Academic Society, Vol XI, #1 >>
(ZNDA: San Jose) Beginning in November,
two new classes are offered at the Assyrian American Association of San
Jose's BETA (club house). The "Computer Class", taught by Esha Tamras,
will cover the history of computers, networking, and the Internet.
Wilfred Alkhas will teach a new course to adults with little
or no knowledge of the Assyrian language. The computer classes are
held every other Sunday from 2:00 to 4:00 pm and the Assyrian language
class will be held on Monday nights. For more information contact
AAA of San Jose at (408) 927-9100 or write to zenda@ix.netcom.com.
The AAA of San Jose also welcomes any donations of PC's that could
be used in training the students of the Computer Class.
CORPORATE ACCOUNTS
Yahoo!
UNIVERSITY ACCOUNTS
Champlain College, Montreal, Canada
University of Melbourne, Australia
PERSONAL ACCOUNTS
Assyrian Society of United Kingdom, London
Chicago, Illinois
Esha
Tamras San Jose, California
Surfers Corner
Firas
Jatou Chicago, Illinois
Literatus
Surfers Corner
Gabriel
Rabo Germany
Surfers Corner
Lena
Mushell San Jose, California
Good Morning Bet-Nahrain
[Map of Syria courtesy of CIA World Fact Book; John Hosanna's photo courtesy of Assyrian Information Medium Exchange.]
Thank You For Referring ZENDA to a Friend:
Albert
Gabrial Turlock, California
Firas
Jatou Chicago, Illinois
Raman
Mikhael Chicago, Illinois
Shamiran
Safaro Melbourne, Australia
Would you like to know more about a particular topic on Assyrian culture, arts, history, language, politics, etc. Drop us a note!
Are your old Assyrian books and magazines sitting at home eating dust? How about sending them to ZENDA so we may share their information with our readers. ZENDA will gladly cover your cost of postage and handling.
P.O. Box 20278 San Jose, California 95160 U.S.A.
The Directory of ZENDA News Sources
ZNAA (Assyrian Academic Society-Chicago)
ZNAD (Assyrian Democratic Organization)
ZNAF (Agence France-Presse)
ZNAM (Archeology Magazine)
ZNAP (Associated Press International)
ZNBN (Bet-Nahrain Inc/ KBSV-TV "AssyriaVision")
ZNIF (Iraq Foundation)
ZNDA (Zenda: zenda@ix.netcom.com)
ZNIN (Iraqi National Congress)
ZNMN (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNNQ (Nabu Quarterly)
ZNNV (Nineveh Magazine)
ZNQA (Qala Atouraya- Moscow)
ZNRU (Reuters)
ZNSH (Shotapouta Newsletter)
ZNSJ (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNSM (Shufimafi Lebanese News)
ZNTM (Time Magazine)
ZNUP (United Press International)
ZNUS (US News & World Report)