ZENDA Says...

The second largest Central Asian republic among the former Soviet states, Kazakhstan has something that has excited many multi-national companies, foreign governments, local politicians, and hundreds of American and European technicians.  The land of Kazakhs has oil- lots of it too.  Once the foreign oil companies are compensated for their research and production costs the Caspian Sea governments such as Kazakhstan are expected to receive oil revenues of up to one billion dollars a year until 2002 and as much as 5 to 10 billion dollars by 2010.  Meanwhile, ZENDA is more interested in another of Kazakhstan untapped natural resource- its Assyrian population.  With a population of nearly 17 million living in Kazakhstan, the 500 or so Assyrians of Almatay (Alma Ata, Capital of Kazakhstan) make up a very small ethnic community.  As their country is highly dependent on trade with Russia, they need support and recognition from other Assyrian groups around the world.  Despite the many formidable obstacles faced by this small Assyrian community its members and leaders remain optimistic about their future as the descendants of the great people of Bet-Nahrain.  With this week's Lighthouse article ZENDA sheds new light on this fascinating Assyrian community tucked away in the "Emerald Plains of Central Asia."  We invite the Assyrian organizations and churches to begin intense cultural, religious, and social exchange programs with the Assyrian community in Kazakhstan.  Assyrian travelers to Russia, Georgia, and Ukraine should consider trips to Almatay and assist in bringing the straits of a forgotten people to the attention of the more visible Assyrian communities around the globe.

The carriages were filthy and cold.  People wanted to wash their hands and faces, but not a drop of water was found.  The guards would open the door once a day and take with them two men to fetch a bucket of nasty food to eat just to stay alive.  Some of the old folks could not bear the suffering and soon died.  Their relatives would bang on the doors and plead with the guards to be human and allow them to bury the dead.  The guards would jump into the carriages like rabid dogs, snatch the corpses and bury them.  But where?  No one knows.  There was no end to tears and prayers for salvation.  After 17 days, the carriages arrived at Alma-Ata Station in Kazakhstan.  Some men accompanied by dogs shouted at the prisoners to come down.  After separating them those without families were taken to one Kolkhoze and the families to another collective farm in Gelenski region.  They lived there as prisoners under surveillance in Gonlak camps.   Despite the difference in their locations of origin, occupations, and economic conditions all prisoners had one trait in common:  they were Assyrian!

Two years after the October 1917 upheaval in Russia, Assyrians were subjected to oppression and massacres, chase and persuit.  Faced with hunger and disease half of those emigrants, including many of
the educated and the clergy ended up dead.  The survivors did not want to perish.  They founded and managed schools and clubs and published school books in Assyrian.  By the 1930's they had learning institutes at Armaver and St. Petersburg where they prepared lectures.  During World War II the Assyrian men defended the homeland.  Victory over Nazi Germany was achieved and seven Assyrians were awarded the title of "Hero of Soviet Union", and three more were awarded the title of "Hero of Socialist Labor Glory" for their courage and honorable work.

Valery Simonovich did not suffer from injustice as he was not yet born.  But his parents, uncles, aunts, and thousands of Assyrians suffered hell because of Stalin's evil deeds.  Among them was Seryoja Oshana.  He recalls his experiences at 14:  "We lived in the city of Tbilisi (Tiflis). On 14 February 1950, at 2:00 in the morning, Beria agents entered our home and ordered us to gather at once.  We quickly put on our clothes and shoes and carried what we could in our hands.  Within two hours we were all taken to the railway station and placed in carriages used for cattle.  Red army soldiers dispersed and split us like sheep.  They crowded 12-14 families in large carriages and 6 families in the smaller ones.  Oshana family was lucky; we were placed in a small carriage."  Seryoja continues to explain that his brother, Jan Simonovich, knew more than the others about the conduct of the partisans.  So he requested his relatives and friends not to be disturbed and to pray to God to give them health and strength until the crisis was over.  The carriages did not move from the station for a very long while.  Finally, the wheels squeaked and the carriages began to move.  No one had an inkling to where they were being taken.  Days and nights passed slowly; the train stopped at stations where guards shouted with anger and hatred, 'get out of carriages."  Men to the left and women to the right.  Under their bayonets sat the young, the old and the children.

Shortly after arrival in Kazakhstan Valery's father, Jan Siminovich, began to construct a hut.  The others followed him.  Jan was the most knowledgeable and learned Assyrian in Jelek.  In addition to his mother tongue, he had perfected Russian, Armenian, Georgian, Azari Turkish and Farsi.  Further, he had studied for four years in the Medical Institute at St. Petersburg.  However, due to his Iranian origin, he was exiled and could not continue his studies.  After the war he returned to Tbilisi, where he met Maria, a beautiful young woman who had attended the St. Petersburg Medical Institute and worked as a nurse. They were soon married and looked forward to raising a family.  Maria's first child in Jelek was a boy whom they named Yuri.  The couple were also blessed with two younger children, Valery and Oleg.  Valery worked in the construction business and earned a good reputation in the collective farm at Kezbshark.  Most Assyrians were fond of work and often practiced a variety of crafts.  Among them were a number of artisans who contributed towards the construction of buildings in Alma-Ata.  The builders were often presented with awards and financial bonuses.  Yuri became an architect, Valery a chemist, and Oleg a wrestling trainer.

During his childhood, Valery used to read a lot and was fond of history.  When he realized that he was Assyrian, a desire to learn more about his ancient ancestors was awaken in him.  He began to study Assyrian civilization, language, traditions, art and culture.  He was encouraged by his father to achieve the lofty hope and an invisible world opened up.  Valery did not keep this knowledge to himself.  He invited the youth, especially from friends and relatives, and spoke to them about the ancient forefathers and informed them of their culture.  After completing high school, he enlisted in the Department of Physics and Mathematics at Kazakhstan University.  During his spare time, he would gather information on Assyrians.

On graduation, he joined Moscow University and met with the historians of the Ancient Orient.  He decided to cultivate his desire to maintain the useful and charitable habits and traditions of his forefathers and help Assyrians to learn the history of their roots, to be proud, and to enrich the glory of their forefathers.  In Kazakhstan Valery began work at the Chemical Academic Institute.  He presented a thesis in chemistry, obtained a doctorate degree and became a scientist.  However, he did not discard the idea of reviving the great civilization of his ancestors by enlivening their language and spirit.

With Gorbechev's declaration of Perestroika and Glasnost new opportunities for the ethnic minorities emerged in the Soviet Union.  Valery was invited to attend a conference on the Assyrians in the Soviet Union, held by the Muscovite society of "Khaiedta" or Unity.  This conference deliberated on the development of the Assyrian movement in the Soviet Union.  On his return from Moscow, he gathered the Assyrian representatives in Kazakhstan and established the"Assyrian Cultural Center."  In later meetings, a program was implemented to revive the national language, culture, and progressive habits and traditions of the Assyrians.

On 15 November 1991 Valery traveled again to Moscow to attend the meeting of the Soviet Assyrians and to convey his greetings to all Assyrians saying "This day will enter the history of the oppressed Assyrian
people.  This is the first time in the Soviet era that we congregate to discuss openly our problems in
developing our language and culture and revive interest in relation to our past, present and most
importantly future."  Today, there are over 500 Assyrians living in Alma Ata, the capital of Kazakhstan whose organization, The Assyrian Cultural Center, is presided over by Dr. Valery Jan Oshana.

Based on an article entitled "Descendants of Great People" by Feodor Osadji
Member of Kazakhstan Journalists Union
Purely Academic , Vol 2, No 4 & Vol 3, No 2 (1997)

(ZNAF:  London)  The Iraqi National Congress, the largest anti-Saddam organization outside of Iraq, last week received 5 million dollars from the U.S. government to continue its fight against the Baathist government in Baghdad. The bill was signed into law by President Clinton. It also gives an additional amount of $5 million to establish a "Radio Free Iraq".  Dr. Ahmad Chalabi, President of the INC Executive Council, said "We welcome this strong show of support and we look forward to working with
the US Congress and the Clinton Administration in our effort to remove Saddam's regime and establish democracy in Iraq."  According to the law passed in the Congress, the funds will be spent on training, organizing and promotion of the unity of the Iraqi opposition groups. The funds will also be used to indict Saddam and his associates for the acts of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity and war. The law requires the Clinton Administration to outline its plans in working with the Iraqi opposition groups in the next 30 days.

"You mean the three chaldean...we know you don't mean it !!!!! but you need to study about the great  chaldeans of babylon or the babylonian.  we want you to remember also----we [were] born chaldeans, babylonian, and as you know very well ...more than 90% of iraqi christians (Chaldean Babylonian) FULLY PURE BLOODED BABYLONIAN CHALDEAN. GOD CAN'T CHANGE THE HISTORY...WHY YOU THINK YOU CAN ??????????"

Hammi
San Diego, California

Irma Jacobs-Rowland
Ohio

According to Section 6.1, Article 64 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran the representation of the religious minorities in Iran is as follows:

[There are to be two hundred seventy members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly which, keeping in
view the human, political, geographic and other similar factors, may increase by not more than twenty for
each ten-year period from the date of the national referendum of the year 1368 of the solar Islamic
calendar. The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians
will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the
country will each elect one representative. The limits of the election constituencies and the number of
representatives will be deter-mined by law.]

In August 1997 John Nimrod,  Secretary General of the Assyrian Universal Alliance, sent a congratulatory message to the newly-elected President Hojjatoleslam Seyed Mohammad Khatami of Iran, stressing the role of the Assyrian community in Iran in saying "Assyrian-Iranians love their country ... and will do everything in their power to help your administration accomplish the goals you wish to attain for your people and country."  Earlier this year the leadership of the Assyrian Democratic Movement (Zowaa) was warmly welcomed in Tehran to celebrate the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran.

Edward Said, it is true he is an academic and author, but shall we abandon the whole world and follow him. He is a Palestinian Christian but represents himself, radical to the degree that he sides with the fundamentalists and accuses the current administration of west of the Jordan river as being too accommodating with Israel.  Christians east and west of the Jordan river are packing to leave. Bethlehem once was 80% Christian, now it is 80% non-Christian. About 40% of Palestinians are Christian and during the struggle for liberation, Christians played a major role. Where is their share? It is gone to non-Christian. All they have, I think is a member of the cabinet and about 5 members of Parliament. More are leaving not only from the Holy Land but from the entire Middle East and its surroundings. Why? Because the culture is aggressive and inhumane and the future is bleak. That is why we left and others are leaving and there is no need for someone to kick us out.

Evangelisation is the duty of every Christian. Disciples of Jesus carried the faith from eastern Mediterranean to southern Mediterranean and then moved farther east and west up to the present time. The contemporary evangelists in their millions are taking the Gospel to prostitutes/drug addicts of Britain, to the prisoners of the USA, to the poor of Africa, to the untouchables of India, to the deprived people of the far east and to the entire world. Where is colonisation?  Jesus told us to preach the Gospel and that is what we did and are doing.  The colonisation/missionary idea early this century was a muslim invention
to warn their followers to resist and oppose. How many did the colonisers convert to Christ? Our fathers did not tell us anything. All I know is just a few individuals who changed  their denomination from passive Christians to active Christians. Misuse of Christian faith was used by some individuals but the message of the Gospel of Jesus permeates love always.

I am not a westerner or westernised. The western society is not Christian and the state does not represent the Church. All of us are aliens and anyone outside his country is alien and that is our Achilles heel.Being alien makes everyone sensitive and vulnerable but that is the human society.  We the Assyrians are a nation but stateless, so let us come together and unite and form our nation in our own land then we will be part of that world power not mere aliens.

Dr George Habash
United Kingdom

The Management, Operations, and Marketing Department at California State University, Stanislaus is having a fund-raising dinner featuring Mr. Narsai David on Thursday, May 21, 1998 at 7:00 p.m. in the University Event Center.  Mr. David will be speaking on his work in the food industry.  Tickets are $37.50 per person, and $70 per couple.  All proceeds go into the Narsai David Scholarship Fund earmarked for Assyrian and Business students.  For more information, please contact me at (209) 667-3507 or at elkiissa@toto.csustan.edu.

Elki Issa
Modesto, California

Established in 1992 the Assyrian Women's Society of Tehran is affiliated with the Assyrian Association of Tehran (Motva'd Tehran). Its members organize cultural, charity, and arts programs; assist in the health and social welfare issues pertaining to the Assyrian community of Tehran, and form sports teams and tournaments.  According to a recent report prepared by the Islamic government of Iran, the AWS is one of the most active Women's organizations in the city of Tehran.

Objectives:

• To offer courses and to hold seminars and conferences, and arrange scientific, cultural and art programs including the publication of bulletins and books.
• To hold and participate in different exhibitions in order to introduce and make known works of art, and traditional handicraft of Assyrian women.
• To cooperate with Board of Directors of Assyrian Association of Tehran in order to enhance Assyrian culture and attain the common objectives of Association.
• To cooperate with other women's organizations in order to better introduce Assyrian women.

ZENDA

On 24 April a group of Assyrians, both Eastern Assyrians and Suryoyo or Aramean Assyrians, began a hunger strike in Brussels, Belgium to commemorate the 1915 genocide committed against the Assyrians and Armenian in Turkey, carried out by the Ottomans (Turks).  Members of the Kurdistan Parliament in Exile (KPE) visited the strikers and offered their support.  The hunger strike is organized by some 30 members of the Assyrian Revolutionaries of Bet-Nahrain which has released a statement condemning the 1915 genocide against the Christians in Turkey.

Most of the participants in the hunger strike are Arameans (western Assyrians) from Brussels, joined by several other Arameans and Eastern Assyrians from Holland, Germany and Switzerland.  The strike is taking place in a Catholic church in the Saint-Josse-ten-Noode area in Brussels where over 5,000 Aramean-Assyrian migrants began settling in the 1980's. This is also the church where the Chaldean-Assyrians conduct their Sunday services.  The hunger strike has also become a symbol of unity between the Eastern (Iran & Iraq) and Western (Syria, Lebanon & Turkey) Assyrian communities of Central Europe, emphasizing their unity across dialectal and ecclesiastical barriers.  The participants have abstained from consumption of food, except drinking water.  They demand Turkey's acknowledgment of the genocide it committed in 1915 and granting of appropriate cultural rights to its Christian Syriac-speaking minority.  They also hope to attract the attention of the European governments, in order to pressure the Turkish government in changing its current policy in these matters.

The Assyrian (Aramean) community of Belgium comes mainly from the Tur-Abdin (Mardin and Midyat) region of Turkey and have settled in Brussels and Liege.  They own small shops, grocery stores, and restaurants.  The majority belong to the Syrian Orthodox Church and together with the Chaldean-Assyrians have organized parishes run by three Syrian Orthodox and one Chaldean-Assyrian priests in Brussels.  The Eastern Assyrians have succeeded in establishing a cultural center in Brussels.  The dominant language spoken is Turoyo-Assyrian (Western Assyrian dialect).  Even though the prevailing title used in identifying oneself in Belgium is "Aramean" the hunger strike was presented as an "Assyrian-Syrian" event.  The other visible ethnic community in Belgium is that of the Turks from western Turkey.  Turkish nationalist movements are active in Belgium and their organized activities often result in physical fights aimed at the Kurds and the Armenians.  The Assyrians nevertheless find themselves in the crossfire.  Some Turkish nationalists even tried to harass the hunger strikers, but the Belgian police stepped in and drove the Turkish protesters away.  At press time the hunger strike was on its way into its second week.

(ZNDA: Philadelphia)  Last week's "Tuesday Night Fight" on USA Cable Network brought home to the living rooms of every Assyrian boxing fan the match between undefeated Assyrian Boxing Champion, Anwar Oshana of Chicago and Thomas Tate in Philadelphia's legendary Blue Horizon.  The match began at 8:00 pm Central Standard Time and was to last for 12 rounds.  The Super Middleweight (NABF) championship rank had been vacant since last December.  All eyes from Chicago's Clark Avenue to the streets of North Hollywood were focused on the television sets.  The Assyrian champion's boxing match was being televised on a national cable program and the Assyrians were not going to miss their champion's victory (20-0, 12 KOs) over North American Boxing Federation super middleweight (168 pounds) champion Thomas Tate (33-5, 24 KOs).  To the amazement of his Assyrian fans Anwar Oshana was stopped in the third round and consequently the NABF Super Middleweight Championship was retained by Thomas Tate.  Oshana, who unlike the Tennis Champion Andre Aghassi, has consistently declared his nationality as Assyrian has in a short time become a favorite of the Assyrian sport-fans around the world.  His Assyrians admirers are confident in their 26-year-old champion's future come-back victories.

On Friday evening, the Assyrian Foundation of America (Berkeley, California) and the University of California at Berkeley's Near Eastern Studies Department presented a lecture on the "Assyrian-Americans on the Threshold of 21st Century" delivered by Dr. Aryan Ishaya.  Dr. Ishaya is an Assyrian living in San Jose, California and teaches anthropology at UC, Santa Cruz and De Anza College.  In her lecture she discussed the reasons Assyrians immigrated to the United States and the contributions they made to the culture and history of that country.  At the end of the program a check in the amount of $10,000.00 (ten thousand) was donated on behalf of the Assyrian Foundation of America to UC, Berkeley so that a Book Endowment would be initiated "to collect books on the history and culture of the Assyrian people from the past four centuries."  The lecture program was free and open to the public. Nearly 100 Assyrians and a dozen non-Assyrians attended the lecture.

Through many examples Dr. Ishaya analyzed the dynamic cultural activities of the Assyrian migrants from the early 1920's through the present time and offered her "optimistic" perspective on the emerging patterns of sociality in the next century. She discussed the problems encountered by these early settlers and their solutions developed to overcome these difficulties.  Dr. Ishaya spoke about the values, beliefs, and expressive activities of the Assyrians which often alienated them from other ethnic groups, namely Swedes in the Turlock region, and prompted them to strengthen their social ties and build their own social clubs and churches.  In turn these community organizations and buildings became an effective method for Assyrians to express their social and religious identities.  Dr Ishaya then moved into examples of more personal experiences such as emotional ties, kinship relations, gender, communal welfare programs, and women's role in the local politics of the Assyrian-American social organizations in the United States.

At the end of the program Dr. Ishaya offered her honorarium from University of California at Berkeley as a donation to the Assyrian Foundation of America's Scholarship Program.

May 9	SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA  UNITED WAY/ASSYRIAN AID SOCIETY "WALK-A-THON" For Information:     Youki Khanania    (650) 968-9241 X 260 days                                (408) 226-9724           evenings     Fred Aprim          (510)  624-3505          days                                (408)  246-9106          evenings     Neil Kahraman     (408)  945-5789          evenings     Fouad Sada          (408   296-5144          evenings
May 17	CERES / MODESTO, CALIFORNIA  "BEN ELIAS FOR CALIFORNIA STATE ASSEMBLY" DANCE PARTY Entertainers:  Albert Mansour, Ashor Farhadi & the Harout Band  Time:  6 p.m.  Bet-Nahrain Hall  3119 South Central, Ceres  (209) 538-9801  Contribution: $10 per person  For Tickets:     John Soro Music Center:   (209) 551-1800     William Wardah:               (209) 577-8106     Ben Elias:                         (800) 353-5427
May 21	TURLOCK, CALIFORNIA FUNDRASING DINNER FEATURING NARSAI DAVID Sponsored by the Management, Operations, and Marketing Department California State University, Stanislaus  University Event Center 7:00 p.m. in the .  Tickets:  $37.50 per person, $70 per couple.  Narsai David Scholarship Fund for Assyrian and Business students.  (209) 667-3507 or elkiissa@toto.csustan.edu.
May 22	HAMBURG, GERMANY AN ASSYRIAN EVENING  A Cultural Exchange Event Organized by German Cultural Organizations/Radio&TV  Lectures & Interviews with Several University Professors , Students, & Representatives of Assyrian Organizations from Hamburg, Wiesbaden, Paderborn, Berlin, and & other German Cities are Expected to Attend  Assyrian Dance Groups from Wiesbaden & Hamburg  Appearance on Hamburger Fruehstueckfernseher Television Program  An Event Organized by Elizabeth Karamian
May 22-25	TURLOCK-MODESTO, CALIFORNIA ASSYRIAN STATE CONVENTION OF CALIFORNIA  Sponsored by the Assyrian United Organizations of California  Host:  Assyrian American Civic Club of California
May 23	MODESTO, CALIFORNIA 4th ASSYRIAN COMMUNITY NETWORKING CONFERENCE  Organized by:  Nineveh On Line  1:00 PM  DoubleTree Hotel (Formerly Red Lion Inn)  Center Plaza, Modesto
July 4	SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA ASSYRIAN OLYMPIC GAMES
Sep 2-7	WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT ASSYRIAN AMERICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION Sponsored by the Assyrian American National Federation

ENGLISH	MODERN ASSYRIAN	GENDER	EXAMPLE
House, Family	Be/ta	Masculine	Bet-Odisho:  House of Odisho / Odisho's Family
Tribe, Clan	Shaw/tda	Masculine	Shaw/tda/na/ya:  tribal

 

DATE	FEASTS & MEMORIALS
May 5	Mart Shmoni & Her Sons
May 10	Mar Addai
May 12	Mor Jacob of Nisibin [Syrian Orthodox Church]
May 15	Our Lady of the Fields or Harvest (Mart Maryam, Natdra d'Zaar'a)
May 20	Mor Dodo [Syrian Orthodox Church]
May 21	Feast of the Ascension (Soolaqa)
May 22	Mart Rita
May 28	Feast of the Ascension (Soolaqa) [Syrian Orthodox Church)
May 31	Pentecost

 

BC (867)

King Ashurnasirpal's last major campaign took place in the northern Bet-Nahrain. He marched through Commagene or Kummuh and Malatia, then turned south-east toward Diarbekir (Amadia), where he crucified 3,000 men.  He then moved to the provincial capital of Damdamuna and after killing 600 of its residents continued to move southward through the Kashiari .  His attempts to fully capture the kingdom of Urartu (ancient Armenia) were thwarted by the heavy snow.  He then decides to return to his capital at Calah or Kalhu.

The Kingdom of Armenia, Chahin

Liturgical Calendar of the Diocese of St. Thomas the Apostle in the U.S.

Location	Class	Instructor	Date	Time	Location
Chicago	Introductory Classical Assyrian alphabet and the vowel system, basic literacy skills & vocabulary	Saad Sadi	APR 4 JUN 27	Saturdays 3-5 PM	North Park Univ Carlson Tower  Room C44
Chicago	Introductory Modern Assyrian I alphabet and the vowel system, basic literacy skills & vocabulary	Zaia Kanoon	APR 9 JUN 25	Thursdays 7-9 PM	North Park Univ  Sohlberg  Room B-3
Chicago	Introductory Modern Assyrian II reading & writing,  & elementary grammar.	Zaia Kanoon	APR 4 JUN 27	Saturdays 3-5 PM	North Park Univ  Carlson Tower  Room C42

On the 20th of August, 1916, I received the following letter from my daughter, who had been carried off by the Turks near Sairt, of which I have the original:

Dear Mother:

I have received the letter you sent me care of Refik, also the two and a half pounds [British currency].  If you only knew the state in which I am you would cry day and night.  I am in the midst of Kurds and go from village to village to get a crust of bread.  At the present moment I am at Berke.  I have to walk barefoot, and am clothed in rags.  Refik Effendi, who saw me, took pity on  me, and being an old friend of the family, sent me to Sairt, not wishing to see me beg in the villages.  I do what work I can get in order to live.  I cannot tell you how utterly miserable I am.  Have pity upon me!  Am I not your daughter?  When you get my letter, send me a little money and a shawl with which to cover my head.  I must resign myself to my sad lot, waiting with impatience until you send me help.  Refik Effendi is doing all he can to assist me.  If he can get me a permit to travel, I shall rejoin you as soon as I can.  But alas, it is very difficult.  How are you, mother, dear?  Send me some news of yourself at once.

Your unhappy daughter,

Rachel

Shall This Nation Die?, Halata's Testimony,  Naayem

Halata was a Chaldean mother who witnessed the utter destruction of the Chaldean-Assyrian villages in the hand of the Turks in 1920.  Many Chaldean priests were killed and their churches converted to stables for the horses of the Moslem soldiers.

May 9, 1920:  died, Mar Polous Shimoun, Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East in the Baquba Refugee Camp near Baghdad.

Dr. Eugene Givargizov, an Assyrian from Moscow, is the Head of the Institute of Crystallography which is operated by the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is considered as one of the world's leading Materials Scientists, often invited to International conferences and meetings to present his latest research findings.  The Institute of Crystallography operates about thirty laboratories of which ten are devoted to the study of crystal growth.  His research topics include growing diamond particles (polycrystalline or single-crystal) and patterned silicon needle growth.  The deposition of diamond microspheres on the silicon needles could have significant applications in field emitter devices, especially if uniformity of deposition can be achieved and if the diamond spheres can be doped for negative electron affinity.

Dr. Givargizov is the author of the 20-volume set of books entitled "Growth of Crystals", "Highly Anisotropic Crystals (Materials Science of Minerals and Rocks)" and "Oriented Crystallization on Amorphous Substances (Microdevices : Physics and Fabrication Technologies)".  He has also written hundreds of research articles in the fields of Materials Sciences.

Assyrians in California may recognize Dr. Givargizov as the organizer of the successful Shamiram Dance Group from Moscow that performed in the United States in the early 1990's.  His son, Michael, is the dance coach and choreographs the dance routines.  Dr. Givargizov was also instrumental in the establishment of the Assyrian Federation in Russia (LaRuss) and helped establish a channel of communication between the his country's Assyrian Federation and the Assyrian-American National Federation.

CORPORATE ACCOUNTS	UNIVERSITY ACCOUNTS	PERSONAL ACCOUNTS
Healthcare Financial Management Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP Solectron	Russian Academy of Sciences	Addiston, Illinois Ontario, Canada

                             

This Week's Contributors:

Francis Sarguis	Santa Barbara, California	News Digest
Jean Valentin	Belgium	News Digest
Matay Arsan	Holland	News Digest

               

Thank You For Referring ZENDA to a Friend:

Albert Isaaco	Suttercreek, California
Rich Samuel	Chicago, Illinois

 

P.O. Box 20278 San Jose, California 95160 U.S.A.

---

The Directory of ZENDA News Sources

ZNAA (Assyrian Academic Society-Chicago)
ZNAD (Assyrian Democratic Organization)
ZNAF (Agence France-Presse)
ZNAI  (Assyrian International News Agency)
ZNAK (American Kurdish
ZNAM (Archeology Magazine)
ZNAP (Associated Press International)
ZNBN (Bet-Nahrain Inc/ KBSV-TV "AssyriaVision")
ZNCO (
ZNCN (ClariNews)
ZNIF (Iraq Foundation)
ZNDA (Zenda: zenda@ix.netcom.com)
ZNIN (Iraqi National Congress)
ZNLT (Los Angeles Times)
ZNMN (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNMW (Mideast Newswire)
ZNNQ (Nabu Quarterly)
ZNNV (Nineveh Magazine)
ZNQA (Qala Atouraya- Moscow)
ZNRU (Reuters)
ZNSH (Shotapouta Newsletter)
ZNSJ (San Jose Mercury News)
ZNSM (Shufimafi Lebanese News)
ZNSO (Syrian Orthodox News "SOCNews")
ZNTM (Time Magazine)
ZNUP (United Press International)
ZNUS (US News & World Report)